Standard ranges.
Optimal context.
Your results are always reported against the CLIA-accredited lab's reference range - the same range your own doctor would use, from Quest Diagnostics. We don't replace that.
What we add is the second layer: the peer-reviewed research on what's optimal for women - stratified by cycle phase, life stage, and context. "In range" tells you where you fall. The research layer tells you where you should aim.
Reported on every result. Set by the lab.
Surfaced alongside the CLIA range. Drawn from peer-reviewed literature.
A TSH of 3.2 mIU/L is “in range” by CLIA standards. The ATA guidelines note that women trying to conceive benefit from a target below 2.5. Both pieces of information appear on your report.
How we choose
what to measure.
Every reference range and optimal threshold traces back to a named, peer-reviewed publication - not a secondary source or a clinical consensus statement alone.
We prioritize studies with substantial female representation, phase-specific stratification, and life-stage context (cycling, perimenopausal, postmenopausal, postpartum).
All sample processing runs through Quest Diagnostics - CLIA and CAP accredited. The assay methods and quality controls match what your physician uses.
We only surface biomarkers where clinical guidance exists for intervention. If a value is out of range and there's nothing meaningful you can do about it, we don't include it.
The science behind
each panel.
Cycle-phase stratification changes everything. Estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone reference ranges derived from mixed-phase or male-dominated populations miss meaningful variation across the luteal and follicular windows.
Standard TSH upper bounds (4.0–4.5 mIU/L) are derived from population norms that include subclinically hypothyroid individuals. ATA 2017 guidelines recommend TSH <2.5 mIU/L for women preconception; emerging evidence extends this to symptomatic women generally.
Fasting insulin detects insulin resistance 5–10 years before A1c reflects it. Adiponectin and leptin further characterize metabolic dysfunction before it becomes diagnosable by standard criteria.
Standard lipid panels underestimate cardiovascular risk in women. ApoB outperforms LDL-C as a predictor of MACE in women; Lp(a) confers risk independent of LDL and is not reduced by statins.
Non-anemic women with ferritin below 50 ng/mL report fatigue, hair loss, and impaired exercise recovery. The standard lower bound of 10 ng/mL reflects the threshold for anemia, not optimal tissue iron stores.
AMH is the single most predictive marker for ovarian reserve and is cycle-day independent - unlike FSH and estradiol, which vary substantially across the cycle, AMH can be drawn on any day.
The papers
we build on.
These are representative publications. Every claim in your results report is individually cited in-line. If you see a superscript number on your report, it traces to a specific paper.